ชำรุด

Explanation

The central idea of ชำรุด is that something is no longer in its original good condition. Depending on the object, it may mean “out of order” for equipment, “damaged” for a book or package, or “deteriorated” for a building. As a Thai stative word, it commonly follows the noun, as in ลิฟต์ชำรุด, “the elevator is out of order.” It does not necessarily mean total destruction; it can also describe partial damage or deterioration. The word has a neutral, somewhat administrative tone and is especially common on notices and in inspection, maintenance, repair, or damage reports.

Usage

Commonly used for malfunctioning elevators, air conditioners, machinery, and other equipment, as well as damaged roads, buildings, books, or delivered goods. It frequently appears on out-of-order notices and in inspection, maintenance, repair, and damage reports.

Caution

It is normally used for physical objects, equipment, and structures—not for a person’s health, mood, or a troubled relationship. In casual conversation, เสีย is usually the more natural choice for simply saying that a machine is broken.

1 damaged synonyms

• ทรุดโทรม

  ทรุดโทรม describes something, especially a building, as generally run-down or dilapidated over time. ชำรุด also applies to specific objects or equipment and does not necessarily imply long-term neglect.

• พัง

  phaŋ break

  พัง often suggests that something has broken down, collapsed, or become seriously unusable. ชำรุด is more neutral and can cover anything from partial damage to complete malfunction.

• เสีย

  sǐa break down

  เสีย is the common everyday word for a machine or device being broken. ชำรุด sounds more objective or administrative and emphasizes impaired condition or function due to damage or deterioration.