รุม
crowd around and act on
Native recording
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- 1 crowd around and act on、gang up on、beset (with problems or pressures)
- 2 slightly feverish、mildly warm (from a fever)
- 3 low (heat)、gently burning
- 4 keep a fire gently glowing、maintain a fire at low heat
Its main sense is for a group of people, animals, or pressures converging on one target and acting at once. It can also describe being slightly feverish or keeping a fire at a gentle heat.
crowd around and act on、gang up on、beset (with problems or pressures)
Describes several people, animals, or pressures converging on one target and acting on it together, sometimes aggressively.
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นักข่าวรุมถามเขา nákkhàaw rum thǎam khǎw Reporters crowded around him and bombarded him with questions. นักข่าวรุมถามเขา details
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เขาถูกรุมทำร้าย khǎw thùuk rum thamráay He was attacked by a group. เขาถูกรุมทำร้าย details
slightly feverish、mildly warm (from a fever)
Describes a body that feels mildly warm or slightly feverish, often at the onset or end of an illness. It is normally used in the repeated form รุม ๆ.
low (heat)、gently burning
Describes a low, gentle level of heat, especially in the expression ไฟรุม ๆ for cooking over low heat.
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เคี่ยวน้ำตาลโดยใช้ไฟรุม ๆ khîaw námtaan dooy cháy fay rum rum Simmer the sugar over low heat. เคี่ยวน้ำตาลโดยใช้ไฟรุม ๆ details
keep a fire gently glowing、maintain a fire at low heat
Means to maintain a fire at a gentle, glowing heat rather than letting it burn strongly.
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รุมไฟไว้ให้อุ่น rum fay wáy hây ùn Keep the fire gently glowing for warmth. รุมไฟไว้ให้อุ่น details
Learning notes
Explanation
The most important sense carries the image of several parties converging on a single target. It commonly precedes another verb: รุมถาม means to bombard someone with questions, รุมกัด means to attack by biting as a group, and รุมทำร้าย means to assault someone as a group. The following verb identifies what the group is doing. It can also be extended to nonhuman pressures. For example, งานรุม describes work piling up all at once. Separate uses include ตัวรุม ๆ, meaning slightly feverish, and ไฟรุม ๆ, meaning a low or gentle fire. In everyday cooking language, ไฟอ่อน is more common for low heat.
Usage
It is common when reporters, fans, animals, or insects crowd around a target, and in reports of group attacks. It is also used when work or problems pile up. The fever-related sense occurs mainly in everyday conversations about someone’s health.
Caution
รุม does not simply mean that people gather; it normally implies that several parties focus their actions on one target. Use รวมตัว for gathering as a group and มุง for forming a crowd to watch something. The senses “slightly feverish” and “low heat” normally appear as the repeated form รุม ๆ, which distinguishes them from the crowding sense.
Differences from similar words
1 crowd around and act on synonyms
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มุง means to gather around, typically to watch something. รุม emphasizes the group actively doing something to one target, such as questioning, demanding, or attacking.
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ล้อม focuses on surrounding or enclosing a target and does not necessarily imply a group action. รุม implies multiple parties converging and acting on the target together.