by oneself
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- 1 by oneself、by yourself、on one’s own、in person
This expression means doing something yourself, without help or without sending someone else in your place. It clearly emphasizes that the person directly does the action.
by oneself、by yourself、on one’s own、in person
Used to say that someone does an action personally, either without help or without using another person as a substitute.
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ฉันทำอาหารด้วยตัวเอง chǎn tham aahǎan dûay tua eeŋ I cook by myself. ฉันทำอาหารด้วยตัวเอง details
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เขาเรียนภาษาไทยด้วยตัวเอง khǎw rian phaasǎa thay dûay tua eeŋ He is studying Thai on his own. เขาเรียนภาษาไทยด้วยตัวเอง details
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ลองทำด้วยตัวเองก่อน lɔɔŋ tham dûay tua eeŋ kɔ̀ɔn Try doing it yourself first. ลองทำด้วยตัวเองก่อน details
Learning notes
Explanation
ด้วยตัวเอง is made from ด้วย, “by/with,” and ตัวเอง, “oneself.” Its core idea is that the action is done by the person themselves, not by someone else. For example, เรียน...ด้วยตัวเอง means to study on one’s own, and ไป...ด้วยตัวเอง can mean to go in person. It can sometimes be used with things, as in a door opening by itself, but for learners the main and safest use is with people doing actions themselves.
Usage
It is common in everyday conversation, study, work, and official procedures. Use it when someone cooks something themselves, studies independently, tries something on their own first, or must appear in person instead of sending a representative.
Caution
It does not usually imply loneliness; it focuses on who does the action. For machines or system behavior, โดยอัตโนมัติ is often clearer when you mean “automatically.”
Differences from similar words
1 by oneself synonyms
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เอง is shorter and very common, with broader meanings such as “by oneself,” “on its own,” or “only.” ด้วยตัวเอง more clearly stresses that the person does it personally or without help.
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โดยลำพัง emphasizes being alone or without anyone else present. ด้วยตัวเอง focuses more on doing the action personally or independently.