คุม
supervise
A native Thai recording for this word is on the way. Please check back soon.
- 1 supervise、oversee、take charge of
- 2 guard、keep in custody、escort under guard
- 3 control、keep in check、regulate
This word means keeping a person, activity, or condition under control so that it stays within certain rules or limits. Depending on the context, it can mean supervising, guarding, detaining, or controlling something.
supervise、oversee、take charge of
To take charge of people, work, or an activity and make sure it proceeds properly.
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คุมงาน khum ŋaan supervise the work คุมงาน details
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เขาคุมทีมนี้ khǎw khum thiim níi He is in charge of this team. เขาคุมทีมนี้ details
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ครูคุมสอบ khruu khum sɔ̀ɔp The teacher proctors the exam. ครูคุมสอบ details
guard、keep in custody、escort under guard
To keep a person under guard or in official custody, restricting their freedom of movement.
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คุมตัวผู้ต้องหา khum tua phûutɔ̂ŋhǎa take a suspect into custody คุมตัวผู้ต้องหา details
control、keep in check、regulate
To regulate something such as emotions, diet, or spending so that it stays within an acceptable limit.
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คุมอารมณ์ khum aarom control one's emotions คุมอารมณ์ details
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ฉันกำลังคุมอาหาร chǎn kamlaŋ khum aahǎan I am watching my diet. ฉันกำลังคุมอาหาร details
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ต้องคุมงบประมาณให้ดี tɔ̂ŋ khum ŋóppramaan hây dii We need to keep the budget under control. ต้องคุมงบประมาณให้ดี details
Learning notes
Explanation
The central idea of คุม is keeping someone or something under control so that it remains orderly or within a limit. The usual pattern is คุม followed by the thing being controlled: คุมงาน for supervising work, คุมทีม for leading a team, คุมอารมณ์ for controlling emotions, and คุมอาหาร for watching one's diet. When referring to official custody, คุมตัว followed by a person is common. ตัว makes it clear that the person's physical custody is involved. คุม is an everyday word, but it is also widely used in workplaces, schools, and police or news reports.
Usage
It is commonly used at work when supervising tasks, sites, or teams, and at school when proctoring an exam. In police and news contexts, คุมตัว frequently refers to taking or keeping someone in custody. In everyday life, it is also used for controlling diet, emotions, budgets, and similar matters.
Caution
คุม often implies supervision, authority, or restriction rather than simply caring for someone. When used about a person, it may suggest fairly strong control or custody. Do not confuse คุม with คุ้ม. The latter is a different word meaning “worth it” or “good value.”
Differences from similar words
1 supervise synonyms
2 guard synonyms
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กักขัง specifically means confining someone in a place. คุม is broader and can refer to guarding, holding someone in custody, or escorting them under guard.
3 control synonyms
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ควบคุม also means to control or regulate and is common in more formal or technical contexts. คุม is shorter and especially natural in everyday combinations such as คุมอาหาร and คุมอารมณ์.
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ยับยั้ง means to restrain or prevent an action or impulse from occurring. คุม is broader and often describes keeping something within limits over time.