ขัด
scrub
A native Thai recording for this word is on the way. Please check back soon.
- 1 scrub、polish、rub clean
- 2 interrupt、disrupt、hinder、obstruct
- 3 go against、disobey、violate、contravene
- 4 conflict with、contradict、be incompatible with、disagree with
The core idea is friction or resistance. With physical objects it means to scrub or polish; with actions or conversations it means to interrupt or block; with rules, ideas, or facts it means to go against or be in conflict with something.
scrub、polish、rub clean
To rub a surface, especially to clean it, smooth it, or make it shine.
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ขัดพื้น khàt phʉ́ʉn scrub the floor ขัดพื้น details
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ขัดรองเท้า khàt rɔɔŋ tháaw polish shoes ขัดรองเท้า details
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ขัดหม้อ khàt mɔ̂ɔ scrub a pot ขัดหม้อ details
interrupt、disrupt、hinder、obstruct
To interrupt, disrupt, or get in the way of an action, flow, or conversation.
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ขัดจังหวะ khàt caŋwà interrupt at the wrong moment ขัดจังหวะ details
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อย่าขัดจังหวะฉัน yàa khàt caŋwà chǎn Don’t interrupt me. อย่าขัดจังหวะฉัน details
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งานติดขัด ŋaan tìt khàt The work is held up. งานติดขัด details
go against、disobey、violate、contravene
To go against an order, rule, expectation, or authority instead of following it.
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ขัดคำสั่ง khàt kham sàŋ disobey an order ขัดคำสั่ง details
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ขัดต่อกฎหมาย khàt tɔ̀ɔ kòt mǎay violate the law ขัดต่อกฎหมาย details
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การกระทำนี้ขัดต่อศีลธรรม kaan kratham níi khàt tɔ̀ɔ sǐinlatham This action goes against morality. การกระทำนี้ขัดต่อศีลธรรม details
conflict with、contradict、be incompatible with、disagree with
To be inconsistent or in conflict with something, especially facts, opinions, rules, or appearance.
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ขัดกับความจริง khàt kàp khwaam ciŋ contradict the truth ขัดกับความจริง details
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ความคิดเห็นขัดกัน khwaam khít hěn khàt kan The opinions conflict. ความคิดเห็นขัดกัน details
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สีนี้ขัดตา sǐi níi khàt taa This color looks jarring. สีนี้ขัดตา details
Learning notes
Explanation
ขัด is easiest to learn through the idea of friction, resistance, or something catching against something else. With floors or shoes, it is physical rubbing, so it means to scrub or polish. With a conversation or process, it blocks the flow, so it means to interrupt or hinder. With rules or orders, it goes against them, so it means to disobey or violate. With facts or opinions, it means they conflict or contradict each other. In real use, many important meanings appear in fixed expressions such as ขัดจังหวะ, ขัดขวาง, ขัดแย้ง, ขัดข้อง, and ขัดสน.
Usage
Use it for cleaning and maintenance when scrubbing floors, shoes, pots, or metal. It also appears when someone interrupts a conversation or when work, traffic, or a process gets blocked. In news, business notices, and formal explanations, it is common in the sense of being contrary to laws, morals, facts, or rules.
Caution
Do not memorize ขัด only as “polish.” In ขัดจังหวะ it means “interrupt,” and in ขัดต่อกฎหมาย it means “violate the law.” Expressions such as ขัดข้อง “have a problem / be inconvenient” and ขัดสน “be in financial hardship” are best learned as fixed forms rather than translated word by word.
Differences from similar words
1 scrub synonyms
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ถู is the general verb for rubbing. ขัด often suggests scrubbing or polishing with a purpose, such as cleaning or making something shine.
2 interrupt synonyms
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รบกวน means to bother or disturb someone and is also used politely in requests. ขัด more specifically suggests breaking into or blocking an ongoing flow.
3 go against synonyms
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คัดค้าน means to object to or oppose something, often formally. ขัด can mean resisting, disobeying, or being contrary, not just stating opposition.
4 conflict with synonyms
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แย้ง often means to argue against or object to a statement or idea. ขัด can describe a wider kind of mismatch, including facts, rules, colors, or overall appearance.