หยาบ
coarse
A native Thai recording for this word is on the way. Please check back soon.
- 1 coarse、rough、grainy
- 2 rough、approximate、roughly done
- 3 rude、vulgar、impolite
หยาบ describes a lack of smoothness, refinement, or politeness. It can mean physically coarse or rough, roughly done or imprecise, or rude and vulgar in speech or behavior.
coarse、rough、grainy
Used for a surface, texture, or grain that is not smooth or fine.
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ผ้าหยาบ phâa yàap coarse cloth ผ้าหยาบ details
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ทรายหยาบ saay yàap coarse sand ทรายหยาบ details
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กระดาษนี้หยาบมาก kradàat níi yàap mâak This paper is very rough. กระดาษนี้หยาบมาก details
rough、approximate、roughly done
Used when work, planning, explanation, or calculation is rough, approximate, or not carefully finished.
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คำนวณแบบหยาบ ๆ khamnuan bɛ̀ɛp yàap yàap calculate roughly คำนวณแบบหยาบ ๆ details
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แบบหยาบ ๆ bɛ̀ɛp yàap yàap in a rough form แบบหยาบ ๆ details
rude、vulgar、impolite
Used for speech, manners, or behavior that feels rude, crude, vulgar, or lacking politeness.
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คำหยาบ kham yàap rude words; vulgar language คำหยาบ details
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พูดหยาบ phûut yàap speak rudely พูดหยาบ details
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เขาพูดจาหยาบคาย khǎw phûutcaa yàap khaay He speaks in a rude and vulgar way. เขาพูดจาหยาบคาย details
Learning notes
Explanation
The core idea of หยาบ is that something is not fine, smooth, refined, or polished. With materials, it means coarse or rough, as in coarse cloth or coarse sand. With work, plans, or calculations, it can mean rough, approximate, or not carefully finished. With speech and behavior, it becomes a negative judgment meaning rude, crude, vulgar, or impolite.
Usage
You will hear หยาบ when people describe textures such as cloth, paper, sand, or skin; when they talk about rough estimates or unfinished work; and when they criticize rude or vulgar language. Common learner-useful phrases include คำหยาบ, พูดหยาบ, and แบบหยาบ ๆ.
Caution
Be careful when using หยาบ about a person or someone’s work, because it can sound openly critical. For a softer tone, use phrases like ใช้คำไม่สุภาพ for impolite wording or ยังไม่ละเอียด for work that is not yet detailed.
Differences from similar words
1 coarse synonyms
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กระด้าง emphasizes stiffness or hardness. หยาบ emphasizes lack of smoothness or fineness.
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ขรุขระ focuses on an uneven or bumpy surface. หยาบ is broader and can describe coarse texture, grain, or material quality.
2 rough synonyms
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คร่าว ๆ is a neutral way to say roughly or in outline. หยาบ ๆ can also mean rough or approximate, but it may sound critical if it describes someone’s work.
3 rude synonyms
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หยาบคาย is more explicitly rude and vulgar than หยาบ alone. หยาบ can stand by itself, but หยาบคาย is very common when judging someone’s manners or speech.