ผ่าน
pass
A native Thai recording for this word is on the way. Please check back soon.
- 1 pass、pass by、pass through、cross
- 2 via、through、by means of
- 3 pass (a test)、be approved、meet (a standard)、carry (a motion)
- 4 experience、go through、undergo、pull through
- 5 pass (time)、elapse、go by
ผ่าน centers on the idea of passing through something and moving beyond it. It can describe movement through a place, time passing, going through an experience, passing a test or approval process, or doing something via a route or medium.
pass、pass by、pass through、cross
This sense describes moving past, across, or through a place, person, or thing.
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เดินผ่านร้านกาแฟ dəən phàan ráan kaafɛɛ walk past a coffee shop เดินผ่านร้านกาแฟ details
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รถไฟผ่านสถานีนี้ rót fay phàan sathǎanii níi The train passes through this station. รถไฟผ่านสถานีนี้ details
via、through、by means of
As a preposition, ผ่าน marks the route, medium, channel, or intermediary through which something happens.
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ส่งเอกสารผ่านอีเมล sòŋ èekkasǎan phàan ii meen send the documents by email ส่งเอกสารผ่านอีเมล details
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จองตั๋วผ่านแอป cɔɔŋ tǔa phàan ɛ́ɛp book a ticket through an app จองตั๋วผ่านแอป details
pass (a test)、be approved、meet (a standard)、carry (a motion)
This sense means passing a test, meeting a standard, or being approved through a review, vote, or selection process.
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สอบผ่าน sɔ̀ɔp phàan pass an exam สอบผ่าน details
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เอกสารผ่านแล้ว èekkasǎan phàan lɛ́ɛw The documents have been approved. เอกสารผ่านแล้ว details
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ไม่ผ่านมาตรฐาน mây phàan mâattrathǎan does not meet the standard ไม่ผ่านมาตรฐาน details
experience、go through、undergo、pull through
This sense describes going through an experience, especially work, hardship, or a difficult period, and often implies coming out the other side.
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เขาผ่านเรื่องยาก ๆ มามาก khǎw phàan rʉ̂aŋ yâak yâak maa mâak He has been through many difficult things. เขาผ่านเรื่องยาก ๆ มามาก details
pass (time)、elapse、go by
This sense describes time moving on, passing, or being over.
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เวลาผ่านไปเร็วมาก weelaa phàan pay rew mâak Time passes very quickly. เวลาผ่านไปเร็วมาก details
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ในช่วงที่ผ่านมา nay chûaŋ thîi phàan maa during the past period ในช่วงที่ผ่านมา details
Learning notes
Explanation
The core idea of ผ่าน is passing through something and reaching the other side. With places it means to pass by or through; with time it means to pass or elapse; with experiences it means to go through; with exams or reviews it means to pass or be approved; and with channels it means via or through. ไม่ผ่าน is very useful and can mean failed, not approved, or not meeting a standard.
Usage
ผ่าน is common in directions, transportation, movement, exams, workplace reviews, document approval, online channels such as apps and email, and talking about past experiences or hardships. It is neutral and useful in both everyday and professional settings.
Caution
Translate it according to context. สอบผ่าน means to pass an exam, while ผ่านอีเมล means by email or through email. Also, ผ่าน does not usually mean to visit someone; it keeps the idea of passing through, passing by, or going via something.
Differences from similar words
1 pass synonyms
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เลย focuses on going beyond a point. ผ่าน more strongly suggests passing through or by a route or location, as in passing a coffee shop.
2 via synonyms
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ทาง can mark a channel or way of doing something. ผ่าน adds the sense of going through a medium or intermediary, and is natural with channels such as email, apps, or agents.
3 pass (a test) synonyms
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อนุมัติ means to approve something and focuses on the approving authority. ผ่าน often focuses on the result: something has passed a review, vote, or check.