สภาพ
condition
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- 1 condition、state
- 2 conditions、state of affairs
This noun describes the state or condition that a person, object, place, or broader area of life is in at a particular time.
condition、state
The condition of a person or thing at a particular time, including physical condition, appearance, or degree of damage.
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สภาพร่างกายของเขาไม่ค่อยดี saphâap râaŋkaay khɔ̌ɔŋ khǎw mây khɔ̂y dii His physical condition is not very good. สภาพร่างกายของเขาไม่ค่อยดี details
conditions、state of affairs
The overall conditions surrounding an area of life, such as the economy, traffic, weather, or living conditions.
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สภาพเศรษฐกิจเริ่มดีขึ้น saphâap sèetthakìt rə̂əm dii khʉ̂n Economic conditions are beginning to improve. สภาพเศรษฐกิจเริ่มดีขึ้น details
Learning notes
Explanation
สภาพ is a noun that presents a person, object, place, or society in terms of what state it is currently in. Two common patterns are สภาพ followed by a noun and อยู่ในสภาพ followed by a description of the condition. For example, สภาพร่างกาย means “physical condition,” while อยู่ในสภาพดี means “to be in good condition.” The word itself is neutral and can describe a good condition. In conversation, however, ดูสภาพสิ often points to an obviously bad appearance or condition and can express surprise, disapproval, or exasperation.
Usage
It is commonly used for physical or mental condition, the condition of cars and products, and the state of buildings. It also appears frequently in news and reports about economic conditions, traffic, weather, and living environments.
Caution
Expressions such as ดูสภาพตัวเองสิ (“look at the state of yourself”) can sound sharply critical or insulting. Also, when expressing the role or capacity in which someone acts, ในฐานะ is normally more natural than สภาพ.
Differences from similar words
1 condition synonyms
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ภาวะ is a somewhat more abstract and formal word for a state or condition, often used in medical, psychological, or social contexts. สภาพ is broader and is also common for the visible or physical condition of things.
2 conditions synonyms
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สถานการณ์ focuses on a developing situation or current course of events. สภาพ focuses more on the overall conditions or state observed at a given time.