ตำหนิ
criticize
Native recording
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- 1 criticize、blame、reprimand
- 2 flaw、blemish、defect
- 3 identifying mark、scar or birthmark
This word refers either to expressing disapproval of someone’s conduct or to a visible flaw or identifying mark on an object or person.
criticize、blame、reprimand
To point out someone’s wrongdoing or failure while expressing disapproval.
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อย่าเพิ่งตำหนิเขา yàa phə̂əŋ tamnì khǎw Don’t blame him yet. อย่าเพิ่งตำหนิเขา details
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เขาถูกตำหนิเรื่องการทำงาน khǎw thùuk tamnì rʉ̂aŋ kaan tham ŋaan He was criticized for his work performance. เขาถูกตำหนิเรื่องการทำงาน details
flaw、blemish、defect
A visible imperfection or defect that reduces an object’s condition or quality.
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สินค้าชิ้นนี้มีตำหนิ sǐn kháa chín níi mii tamnì This item has a flaw. สินค้าชิ้นนี้มีตำหนิ details
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สินค้าไม่มีตำหนิ sǐn kháa mây mii tamnì The product has no defects. สินค้าไม่มีตำหนิ details
identifying mark、scar or birthmark
A scar, birthmark, mole, or other visible bodily feature used to identify a person.
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บางคนเชื่อว่าปานบนร่างกายคือตำหนิที่ถูกทำไว้ตั้งแต่ชาติที่แล้ว baaŋ khon chʉ̂a wâa paan bon râaŋ kaay khʉʉ tamnì thîi thùuk tham wáy tâŋ tɛ̀ɛ châat thîi lɛ́ɛw Some people believe that birthmarks on the body are marks left from a past life. บางคนเชื่อว่าปานบนร่างกายคือตำหนิที่ถูกทำไว้ตั้งแต่ชาติที่แล้ว details
Learning notes
Explanation
The central idea of ตำหนิ is noticing and pointing out something that falls short of an expected or desirable condition. As a verb, it expresses disapproval of someone’s conduct or mistake. Common patterns include ตำหนิ followed by a person, ตำหนิ＋person＋เรื่อง… (“criticize someone about…”), and ถูกตำหนิ (“be criticized or reprimanded”). As a noun, it commonly appears in มีตำหนิ, meaning that an item has a flaw or some damage. This is frequent in product inspections and descriptions of used, discounted, or outlet goods. When used of a person’s body, it refers to a visible identifying feature such as a scar, birthmark, or mole. This use is especially common in administrative descriptions and identification records.
Usage
As a verb, it is used when parents or teachers correct misconduct, employers address mistakes or poor performance, or public figures and organizations are criticized for their actions. As a noun, it often appears in online listings, inspections, and descriptions of used or outlet merchandise. The sense referring to bodily marks occurs in descriptions or records used to identify a person.
Caution
As a verb, ตำหนิ is more than neutral advice: it communicates a negative judgment. When directed at someone personally, it can sound harsh depending on the tone and relationship. Some older dictionaries record a use that stigmatizes a previously married woman as “blemished.” This is outdated and offensive and should not be used.
Differences from similar words
1 criticize synonyms
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ด่า involves scolding, cursing, or verbally attacking someone in anger. ตำหนิ is generally less explosive and focuses on pointing out a fault with disapproval.
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วิจารณ์ means to analyze, review, or comment critically and can include positive judgments. ตำหนิ specifically conveys disapproval or fault-finding.
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เตือน means to remind or warn someone in order to prevent a problem. ตำหนิ focuses on expressing disapproval of conduct or a fault that has already been noticed.
2 flaw synonyms
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ข้อบกพร่อง broadly refers to a shortcoming in an object, task, plan, or ability. For merchandise, ตำหนิ more often suggests a visible flaw or damaged spot.
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รอย is a general word for a mark, trace, line, or stain and need not indicate a problem. ตำหนิ presents the mark as an imperfection that affects quality.