กำหนด
set
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- 1 set 、determine 、specify 、designate
- 2 prescribe (by law or rule)、require、stipulate
- 3 deadline、due date、appointed time
This word expresses giving something a definite form or limit, such as setting a date, establishing a condition, or specifying a person or place. As a noun, it can also refer to an appointed time or deadline.
set 、determine 、specify 、designate
To make a date, limit, person, or other detail definite by setting or specifying it.
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กำหนดวันประชุม kamnòt wan prachum set the date of the meeting กำหนดวันประชุม details
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ยังไม่ได้กำหนดเวลา yaŋ mây dâay kamnòt weelaa The time has not been set yet. ยังไม่ได้กำหนดเวลา details
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เรากำหนดอนาคตไม่ได้ทั้งหมด raw kamnòt ànaakhót mây dâay tháŋmòt We cannot determine every part of the future. เรากำหนดอนาคตไม่ได้ทั้งหมด details
prescribe (by law or rule)、require、stipulate
For a law, rule, or authority to prescribe a requirement or direct that something be done.
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บริษัทกำหนดกฎใหม่ bɔɔrisàt kamnòt kòt mày The company established new rules. บริษัทกำหนดกฎใหม่ details
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ทำตามที่กำหนด tham taam thîi kamnòt do as prescribed ทำตามที่กำหนด details
deadline、due date、appointed time
An appointed time or the limit by which something is expected to happen.
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ส่งงานตามกำหนด sòŋ ŋaan taam kamnòt submit the work on schedule ส่งงานตามกำหนด details
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ชำระเงินภายในกำหนด chamrá ŋən phaay nay kamnòt pay within the deadline ชำระเงินภายในกำหนด details
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ถึงกำหนดชำระเงินแล้ว thʉ̌ŋ kamnòt chamrá ŋən lɛ́ɛw The payment is now due. ถึงกำหนดชำระเงินแล้ว details
Learning notes
Explanation
The core idea of กำหนด is to make something definite by giving it a clear limit, arrangement, or rule. Its English translation depends on the object. With dates and times, it often means “set” or “schedule.” With conditions or boundaries, it means “determine” or “define.” With a person, place, or role, it can mean “specify” or “designate.” The pattern กำหนดให้ + person or party + action means that a rule or authority prescribes or requires that action. กำหนดไว้ means “set in advance,” while ตามที่กำหนด means “as prescribed” or “as specified.” As a noun, it appears especially often in set expressions such as ตามกำหนด “on schedule,” ถึงกำหนด “become due,” and ครบกำหนด “reach the due date or end of a fixed term.”
Usage
It is commonly used when setting meeting dates, travel schedules, submission dates, or payment deadlines. It also appears frequently in laws, contracts, workplace rules, project planning, and system settings when requirements, limits, roles, or other details must be made explicit. The word is usable in ordinary conversation, but it is especially common in organized, administrative, and planning-related contexts.
Caution
Use เลือก for choosing among options, ตัดสินใจ for making a personal decision, and นัด for arranging to meet someone. กำหนด focuses on making a date, condition, limit, or other arrangement definite. The noun use is especially natural in expressions such as ตามกำหนด, ถึงกำหนด, and เกินกำหนด. For an explicit submission deadline, กำหนดส่ง or เส้นตาย may be clearer, depending on the context.
Differences from similar words
1 set synonyms
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ตัดสินใจ refers to making a decision after considering the choices. กำหนด focuses on establishing the resulting date, condition, limit, or arrangement.
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ระบุ focuses on identifying or explicitly stating information. กำหนด can go further by deciding and setting a date, condition, limit, or other detail.
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เลือก means to choose from available options. กำหนด means to make something definite, including setting a date or standard rather than merely choosing an option.
2 prescribe (by law or rule) synonyms
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บังคับ emphasizes forcing or compelling someone. กำหนด focuses on formally establishing a rule or requirement and does not necessarily describe the act of enforcement.
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บัญญัติ is a formal term for enacting or laying down a law. กำหนด is broader and also applies to company rules, requirements, and ordinary conditions.
3 deadline synonyms
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นัด refers to an appointment or an arrangement to meet. กำหนด covers a wider range of appointed times and deadlines, including submissions, payments, and contracts.