ณ
at [formal location]
A native Thai recording for this word is on the way. Please check back soon.
- 1 at [formal location]、in [formal location]、on [formal location]
- 2 as of、at [a point in time]、on [a date]
A formal preposition that marks a specific place or point in time, roughly “at” or “as of.” It is common in written notices, official documents, reports, and invitations rather than everyday conversation.
at [formal location]、in [formal location]、on [formal location]
Marks a specific location in a formal or written style, often for venues, offices, counters, or official places.
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งานจัดขึ้น ณ โรงแรมสยาม ŋaan càt khʉ̂n ná rooŋ rɛɛm sayǎam The event is held at the Siam Hotel. งานจัดขึ้น ณ โรงแรมสยาม details
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ประชุม ณ ห้องประชุมใหญ่ prachum ná hɔ̂ŋ prachum yày Meet in the main conference room. ประชุม ณ ห้องประชุมใหญ่ details
as of、at [a point in time]、on [a date]
Marks a reference point in time in a formal written style, especially in reports, contracts, dates, and accounting contexts.
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ณ วันที่ 1 มกราคม ná wan thîi nʉ̀ŋ mókkaraakhom as of January 1 ณ วันที่ 1 มกราคม details
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ณ เวลานี้ ná weelaa níi at this time ณ เวลานี้ details
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ยอดขาย ณ สิ้นเดือน yɔ̂ɔt khǎay ná sîn dʉan sales as of the end of the month ยอดขาย ณ สิ้นเดือน details
Learning notes
Explanation
ณ points to a specific location or reference point in time in a formal written register. Its meaning can overlap with ที่ or ใน, but its tone is much more official. The usual pattern is ณ + place, date, or time reference. It also appears inside some noble family names with a sense like “of/from,” but learners can usually treat that as part of the proper name.
Usage
You will often see it in invitations, event announcements, signs, official documents, contracts, reports, and accounting materials. It is mainly a written word for specifying an exact place or reference time.
Caution
In everyday speech, use ที่ for ordinary “at/in” meanings, such as meeting at school or being at home. ณ is followed by a place name, date, or time reference; it is not normally used by itself at the end of a sentence.
Differences from similar words
1 at [formal location] synonyms
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ที่ is the normal everyday word for “at/in.” ณ can mark the same kind of location, but it sounds formal and is mainly used in notices, invitations, and official writing.
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ใน broadly means “in” or “within.” ณ points to a specific location in a more formal written register, especially before venue names or official locations.
2 as of synonyms
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ตอน is a natural conversational way to say “at/around the time.” ณ is too formal for most everyday time expressions and is used for reference dates or points in written contexts.
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เมื่อ is a general connector meaning “when.” ณ does not simply introduce an event time; it marks a formal reference point in time, often in documents or reports.