รัฐ
state
A native Thai recording for this word is on the way. Please check back soon.
- 1 state、nation、country[as a political entity]
- 2 government、public sector、state sector
- 3 state[regional division in a federal country]
- 4 [classifier for states]
รัฐ refers to the public authority or political structure behind a country: the state, the government sector, or, in federal countries, a state such as a U.S. state.
state、nation、country[as a political entity]
A political state as an organized entity with people, territory, authority, and governing institutions.
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อำนาจรัฐ amnâat rát state power อำนาจรัฐ details
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รัฐต้องคุ้มครองสิทธิของประชาชน rát tɔ̂ŋ khúmkhrɔɔŋ sìtthí khɔ̌ɔŋ prachaachon The state must protect the rights of the people. รัฐต้องคุ้มครองสิทธิของประชาชน details
government、public sector、state sector
The government or public sector as opposed to private citizens or private companies.
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หน่วยงานของรัฐ nùayŋaan khɔ̌ɔŋ rát government agency หน่วยงานของรัฐ details
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โรงพยาบาลรัฐ rooŋphayaabaan rát public hospital โรงพยาบาลรัฐ details
state[regional division in a federal country]
A state within a federal country, such as a U.S. state or an Australian state.
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รัฐแคลิฟอร์เนีย rát khɛɛlífɔɔnia the state of California รัฐแคลิฟอร์เนีย details
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สหรัฐอเมริกามี 50 รัฐ sahà rát ameeríkaa mii hâasìp rát The United States has 50 states. สหรัฐอเมริกามี 50 รัฐ details
[classifier for states]
Used as a classifier when counting states, especially federal states.
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50 รัฐ hâasìp rát 50 states 50 รัฐ details
Learning notes
Explanation
รัฐ is a fairly formal word used in politics, law, administration, and public policy. Its core idea is public governing authority, not just a country as a place. For example, ประเทศไทย is the normal way to say Thailand as a country, while รัฐไทย sounds like the Thai state or Thai state system. It also appears very often in compounds and noun phrases meaning state-run, public, or governmental, such as โรงเรียนรัฐ “public school” and ภาครัฐ “the public sector.”
Usage
This word is common in news, politics, law, public administration, public services, education policy, welfare, and economic policy. It can appear in everyday conversation, but usually when the topic involves government action or public institutions.
Caution
Use ประเทศ for a country in the general sense, especially country names. Use รัฐบาล when you specifically mean the government or administration. Do not use รัฐ for Thai provinces; use จังหวัด instead.
Differences from similar words
1 state synonyms
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บ้านเมือง refers more broadly to the country or society people live in. รัฐ is narrower and more institutional, referring to the state as a political authority.
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ประเทศ is the general word for a country, including its land and people. รัฐ is more formal and focuses on the political state and its governing structure.
2 government synonyms
3 state[regional division in a federal country] synonyms
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จังหวัด is a province, such as a Thai province. รัฐ is used for states in federal systems, such as U.S. states, not for Thai provinces.