ทอด
fry (food in oil)
A native Thai recording for this word is on the way. Please check back soon.
- 1 fry (food in oil)、deep-fry
- 2 extend、stretch、span
- 3 cast、lower、drop into position
- 4 span、section in a sequence
This word most commonly refers to frying food in oil. In set combinations, it can also describe something extending across a distance or being cast or lowered away from its starting point.
fry (food in oil)、deep-fry
Describes cooking food in hot oil, ranging from pan-frying to deep-frying depending on the dish and amount of oil.
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ทอดไก่ thɔ̂ɔt kày fry chicken ทอดไก่ details
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แม่กำลังทอดไข่ mɛ̂ɛ kamlaŋ thɔ̂ɔt khày Mom is frying an egg. แม่กำลังทอดไข่ details
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ปลาทอดอร่อยมาก plaa thɔ̂ɔt arɔ̀ɔy mâak The fried fish is delicious. ปลาทอดอร่อยมาก details
extend、stretch、span
Describes something stretching, spanning, or reaching from one point toward another, especially in established combinations.
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ทอดสะพานข้ามแม่น้ำ thɔ̂ɔt saphaan khâam mɛ̂ɛnáam build a bridge across the river ทอดสะพานข้ามแม่น้ำ details
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เขาทอดสายตามองทะเล khǎw thɔ̂ɔt sǎay taa mɔɔŋ thalee He gazed out over the sea. เขาทอดสายตามองทะเล details
cast、lower、drop into position
Describes casting or lowering something such as a net or anchor into position, normally in a fixed collocation.
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ชาวประมงทอดแห chaaw pramoŋ thɔ̂ɔt hɛ̌ɛ The fisherman casts a net. ชาวประมงทอดแห details
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เรือทอดสมอใกล้ฝั่ง rʉa thɔ̂ɔt samɔ̌ɔ klây fàŋ The boat drops anchor near the shore. เรือทอดสมอใกล้ฝั่ง details
span、section in a sequence
Refers to one span or section within a continuing distance, period, or sequence. This noun use is limited to certain expressions.
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รอไปอีกทอดหนึ่ง rɔɔ pay ìik thɔ̂ɔt nʉ̀ŋ wait for another stretch of time รอไปอีกทอดหนึ่ง details
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ส่งต่อกันเป็นทอด ๆ sòŋ tɔ̀ɔ kan pen thɔ̂ɔt thɔ̂ɔt pass it along in stages ส่งต่อกันเป็นทอด ๆ details
Learning notes
Explanation
The most common and freely used sense of ทอด is “to fry” food in oil. Word order matters. ทอดปลา describes the action “fry fish,” while ปลาทอด names or describes “fried fish.” Its other senses share an image of sending something outward or extending it away from a starting point. In modern Thai, however, these senses usually occur in established combinations such as ทอดยาว “stretch into the distance,” ทอดสะพาน “build or extend a bridge,” ทอดแห “cast a net,” ทอดสมอ “drop anchor,” and ทอดสายตา “cast one’s gaze.” Words such as ถ่ายทอด “transmit; broadcast” and ทอดทิ้ง “abandon” are best learned as complete lexical items.
Usage
ทอด is very common in kitchens, food stalls, and restaurants when discussing cooking methods or fried dishes, as in ทอดไก่, ปลาทอด, and ของทอด. It also appears in fishing and boating expressions such as ทอดแห and ทอดสมอ, and in descriptions of roads or scenery with ทอดยาว. Expressions involving the gaze, such as ทอดสายตา, are common in descriptive writing and narration.
Caution
Do not use cooking sense ทอด for every kind of “cooking” or “grilling.” Use ย่าง for grilling or roasting over direct heat and ผัด for stir-frying ingredients while moving them around. The “cast” and “extend” senses of ทอด cannot freely replace general verbs such as โยน or ยืด. Learn them through their established combinations. To say “abandon,” modern Thai normally uses the full word ทอดทิ้ง, not ทอด by itself.
Differences from similar words
1 fry (food in oil) synonyms
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ผัด means to stir-fry ingredients while moving them around the pan. ทอด focuses on frying food in oil, often without continuous stirring.
2 extend synonyms
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ยืด broadly means to lengthen something by pulling it or to stretch the body. ทอด suggests reaching or extending in a direction and is more restricted to established combinations.
3 cast synonyms
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ปล่อย broadly means to release, let go, or allow. ทอด focuses on casting or lowering an object into its intended position.
4 span synonyms
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ช่วง is the general word for a period or section of time or distance. Noun ทอด more often refers to one stage or span in a continuing sequence and occurs in a narrower set of expressions.
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ระยะ broadly refers to distance, duration, or an interval. ทอด views the span as one section in a continuing series.